In English, plurals are (I think) decently easy; they generally involve adding an -s to the end of the word. There are a few weird irregulars, like man/men and mouse/mice, but the rest of the exceptions are based on word endings.
Word ends in//Plural ends in
-y//-ies
-s, -sh, -ch, -x, -z//-es
-o//-oes
-f//-ves
and words borrowed from other languages do whatever they feel like doing at the moment; the resulting complexity isn't completely English's fault. So, OK, it's not perfectly easy, but it's a rare plural that doesn't involve adding -s.
Arabic, however. I'm told there's a pattern, and sometimes I see it, but why do there have to be six different types of plurals? They're mostly divided by masculine, feminine, human, and non-human. Since almost all feminine nouns end in taa marbuta (-a), it's easy enough to change it to -alif taa (-aat).
And then you have the broken plurals, which keep the same root and switch vowels around. Razhul//rizhaal. Saahib//ashaab. Talib//talaab. They say to memorize it now and we'll understand the pattern eventually, but it's rather a pain--which is why I'm sharing it with you now. On this one, I really do think English is easier. Mostly.
Showing posts with label why English is a pain in the. Show all posts
Showing posts with label why English is a pain in the. Show all posts
May 5, 2010
Why Arabic Makes More Sense than English
Lately, I've been thinking that Arabic root words make more sense than English.
English: Usually one-syllable parts that aren't words in their own right and are taken from Latin or Greek. May be in different parts of the word, depending on prefixes, suffixes, etc. Can also be combined in fun ways*.
Arabic: Roots of three letters with a collective meaning. Put in a pattern of vowels, prefixes, and suffixes to change the meaning. For example, k-t-b is to mark/write. Kitaab--book. Kataba--he wrote. Maktaba--library. Maktab--office.
To me, the Arabic way feels more regular and seems to make more sense. If you know the form and root, what can go wrong? I have yet to be disillusioned.
*I met a girl who didn't know what her major was going to be, but had to introduce herself to an audience of maybe a thousand or two and say her name, major, and why she liked working at the auditorium. I got this close to convincing her to say her major was kinesioeconomics, just because it sounded both fun and like a major somebody could do. Economy of motion, right? She chickened out, but not before I'd decided a major in Astroavionics would be fun preparation to either pilot spaceships or write science fiction.
English: Usually one-syllable parts that aren't words in their own right and are taken from Latin or Greek. May be in different parts of the word, depending on prefixes, suffixes, etc. Can also be combined in fun ways*.
Arabic: Roots of three letters with a collective meaning. Put in a pattern of vowels, prefixes, and suffixes to change the meaning. For example, k-t-b is to mark/write. Kitaab--book. Kataba--he wrote. Maktaba--library. Maktab--office.
To me, the Arabic way feels more regular and seems to make more sense. If you know the form and root, what can go wrong? I have yet to be disillusioned.
*I met a girl who didn't know what her major was going to be, but had to introduce herself to an audience of maybe a thousand or two and say her name, major, and why she liked working at the auditorium. I got this close to convincing her to say her major was kinesioeconomics, just because it sounded both fun and like a major somebody could do. Economy of motion, right? She chickened out, but not before I'd decided a major in Astroavionics would be fun preparation to either pilot spaceships or write science fiction.
May 3, 2010
Regular Verbs
Before 9th grade French class, I'd never heard of regular verbs. Then I realized I didn't know if English had any.
Apparently we do, and they actually look pretty easy to conjugate, considering the present tense form is only different for he/she/it, the past tense is all the same, and everything else takes an auxiliary and a participle. Not too bad; in French and Arabic you have to conjugate a little more based on 1st/2nd/3rd person and singular/plural, at least in present and past tense.
On the other hand, English has a lot of irregular verbs, and you can't tell from the word itself whether or not it's regular.
In French, if the infinitive ends with -er, -ir, or -re, it's usually regular. French also has some semi-regular verb families, like the -uire verbs and variants of mettre and venir (both of which are exceptions to the infinitive endings).
In Arabic, there are six truly irregular verbs; the rest belong to families of semi-regulars, and you should be able to tell them by doubled letters or weak consonants in the root. (I could be wrong here; I'm summarizing something I don't know well and read about on the internet.)
In English, you just have to know the verb. We don't have endings to the infinitive that tell us it's irregular, like French usually will, and there aren't specific patterns with the roots like in Arabic. This'd be OK enough--if we didn't have so many irregulars.
Yeah, Sodom and Gomorrah may be in the nice, green part of the country, but you have to pay for it with a little flaming sulfur.
A nice list of regular verbs.
A not-so-nice list of irregular verbs.
A fun verb conjugator.
A useful explanation of irregular verbs in Arabic, if you're such a masochist that you really want to know.
Apparently we do, and they actually look pretty easy to conjugate, considering the present tense form is only different for he/she/it, the past tense is all the same, and everything else takes an auxiliary and a participle. Not too bad; in French and Arabic you have to conjugate a little more based on 1st/2nd/3rd person and singular/plural, at least in present and past tense.
On the other hand, English has a lot of irregular verbs, and you can't tell from the word itself whether or not it's regular.
In French, if the infinitive ends with -er, -ir, or -re, it's usually regular. French also has some semi-regular verb families, like the -uire verbs and variants of mettre and venir (both of which are exceptions to the infinitive endings).
In Arabic, there are six truly irregular verbs; the rest belong to families of semi-regulars, and you should be able to tell them by doubled letters or weak consonants in the root. (I could be wrong here; I'm summarizing something I don't know well and read about on the internet.)
In English, you just have to know the verb. We don't have endings to the infinitive that tell us it's irregular, like French usually will, and there aren't specific patterns with the roots like in Arabic. This'd be OK enough--if we didn't have so many irregulars.
Yeah, Sodom and Gomorrah may be in the nice, green part of the country, but you have to pay for it with a little flaming sulfur.
A nice list of regular verbs.
A not-so-nice list of irregular verbs.
A fun verb conjugator.
A useful explanation of irregular verbs in Arabic, if you're such a masochist that you really want to know.
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